山地鄉居民長年列為我國X光巡迴篩檢目標對象之一，但山地鄉年輕學子大多外出就學，以致無法受到山地鄉主動巡檢策略之有效涵蓋，疾病管制署因此與教育單位合作辦理「設籍山地鄉學生結核病防治主動篩檢計畫」，以提供該族群篩檢服務。

本計畫係以發放「免費胸部X光檢查單」及利用X光車巡檢方式辦理；2011年篩檢對象包含全國設籍於山地鄉之高中職及專科學校在學學生，2012年度則將學校層級擴大至設籍於山地鄉之各大專院校在學學生。

分析受檢學生確診資料，2011年該學生族群發現率為每10萬人口134.7人，約為全國該年齡層6.6倍；2012年發現率為每10萬人口105.5人，約為全國該年齡層6.1倍；其中2012年本計畫高中職學生之發現率更高達每10萬人口179.2人，為與全國平均比較最顯著之對象。同時也發現該族群之主要活動區域，雖已不在山地鄉，但其發生結核病之風險，仍與山地鄉同年齡層相當，對於所就學縣市而言，仍為應予介入防制措施的結核病高風險族群。

依據本計畫執行成果，疾病管制署適時調整政策，於2013年將該族群納入「委託縣市衛生局辦理傳染病防治計畫」之常規工作執行重點，以利縣市及早進行介入規劃。"

Taiwanese people residing in remote areas, mostly in mountain townships, have been one of the target populations of Taiwan CDC’s chest X-ray (CXR) screening program for decades, but most adolescent and young adults who study away from their hometowns might miss the opportunity of the active screening program for tuberculosis (TB). Therefore, TaiwanCDC coordinates with educational institutions to implement the program, “active tuberculosis screening program for students with a household register in mountain townships“, to provide screening services for this specific vulnerable group.

The program aims to provide free chest X-rays examination and uses X-ray patrol truck. In 2011, the screening program focused on the students at high schools and community colleges with a household register in mountain townships, and was then expanded to college and university students in 2012.

The results revealed that detection rate of TB was 134.7 per 100,000 in 2011, which was about 6.6 folds of risks, comparing to the same age groups of the national population. The detection rate was 105.5 per 100,000 in 2012, or a crude relative risk of 6.1 times higher than the national incidence. Especially, detection rate (179.2 per 100,000) was the highest among senior high school students participating screening in 2012. We also found that, although the major activity areas of the target population were not in the mountain townships, detection rate of TB identified by the active screening services was still as high as people staying in mountain townships in Taiwan.

Informed by the results, we modify our prevention policies accordingly. In 2013, the target population was included as part of the ongoing project commissioned to the local health authorities for the implementation of infectious disease prevention by Taiwan CDC. 

全文連結：http://www.cdc.gov.tw/info.aspx?treeid=075874DC882A5BFD&nowtreeid=370957396EFBDE20&tid=52958DD3F7002502