[ 摘要 ]

蘭嶼達悟族生活於外島，自有一套流傳已久的生活文化，在1967年全面開放後，不同於以往的生活型態改變達悟族固有的自然經濟生產方式以及社會關係。生態旅遊旨要保護當地環境為前提而發展，卻可能因為遊客的行為影響當地原有文化、生活習慣和價值觀的改變。透過研究達悟族人對於傳統文化衝擊之認知及發展生態旅遊之態度，並探究兩者間的差異性，瞭解目前達悟族文化的影響為本研究目的。

本研究以蘭嶼近代旅遊發展歷程及文獻作為基礎資料，透過現況的田野訪查及問卷調查，並以敘述性統計、t檢定、單因子變異數分析、迴歸分析等資料統計分析方法檢驗本研究之假設。結果可知達悟族人對於生態旅遊造成其傳統文化上的衝擊有正面及負面衝擊，認為傳統地下屋、拼板舟文化、飛魚季為最能吸引遊客前往體驗的生態旅遊活動，同時也容易因為遊客對當地文化不瞭解而造成達悟族人的反感及文化的凋零。分析資料顯示達悟族人社經背景的不同會對傳統文化的認知、發展生態旅遊的態度有顯著差異性，而對於傳統文化的認知不同亦會造成發展生態旅遊時的不同態度。

目前蘭嶼所發展的生態旅遊雖僅有雛形，但達悟族人對土地環境的尊重使他們早已具備生態旅遊的精神，而外來文化卻容易影響當地傳統文化之延續。透過本研究之衝擊分析，建議未來在規劃生態旅遊規劃時，應瞭解當地文化，避免過於倉促及流於形式的旅遊型態抹殺達悟族真正寶貴的傳統文化。讓達悟族人對傳統文化產生自發性的保護，建立屬於蘭嶼獨特的旅遊方式，才是真正尊重在地文化同時創造當地收入的生態旅遊。

[ 英文摘要 ]

Tao people who live in Lanyu have their own lifestyle. When the tourism opened in Lanyu in 1976. It had made a great impact on the traditions of Lanyu. Although the premise of ecotourism that we must protect local environment, the behavior of tourists will make changes in the local culture, habits and values. The purpose of this research is to know the difference of Tao people’s cognition about the traditional culture impact and their attitude about the ecotourism development.

After performing a literature review, discussing with Tao people and questionnaire surveys, this research use the descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA and regression analysis as the major research method. The statistical result is found that Tao people are under the impression that ecotourism had made positive and negative impact on the traditions of Lanyu. Although the culture of traditional house and fishing boat, and the “Flying Fishes Festivity” attract many tourists to experience, it was weakened because of tourists make nothing of their culture.

Now the ecotourism development of Lanyu is just beginning. Through this research on the traditional culture impact, it has suggested that ecotourism plan should realize the traditional culture, and avoid drifting it into conventional tourism pattern. Let Tao people protect their traditional culture spontaneously, and establish the unique ecotourism in Lanyu.