[ 摘要 ]

第7屆立法委員選舉，依據中央選舉委員會之統計資料，在區域及原住民立法委員部份，即有高達41.5％的選舉人未前往投票，而籍在人不在便是主因之ㄧ。

現代民主國家的投票率並未隨著選舉權的擴張而成同比率的增加，投票率的滑落已經成為當前先進民主國的普遍現象，部分人士甚至擔心過低的投票率會傷害到民主政治的健全運作。而為保障人民參政權的行使及提高投票率，故許多國家紛紛實施不在籍投票。

藉由文獻分析及深入訪談，分析訪談及文獻資料，實施不在籍投票，一方面可以保障人民參政權，並鼓勵公民的政治參與意願外，另一方面也可以提高選民的投票率，進而增加政府統治的合法性。而未能通過立法的原因，除立法委員、政黨基於本身或政黨利益的考量，而選務機關為了選舉公正性的顧慮外。立法委員及政黨並未感受到一般國民對實施此制度急迫性的壓力，亦是其主因之ㄧ。

不在籍投票的實施方式雖有7種，但每種方式，都有其實施的結構性問題，尚待克服及解決。因此本研究認為在立法政策上應考量下列幾點：

一、制度入憲，並修正憲法增修條文：將可避免制度於做決策時耗費時日之爭議。

二、修正公職人員選舉罷免法：可避免法律疊床架屋之情形。

三、實施對象及方式：實施對象上，以因為工作的關係，而無法親自至投票所投票者為適用對象；實施方式上以移轉投票的方式實施並輔以特設投票所投票。

四、選舉規劃：依各類選舉的行政區域規劃，並配合合併投票所之作業，以為因應。

五、選舉種類：初期僅限於立法委員、直轄市長、縣（市）議員及縣（市）長等選舉。

[ 英文摘要 ]

It was 41.5% of electors who didn’t vote, according to the statistics of the seventh session of National Assembly Legislators Election by the Central Election Commission. And the reason that electors not resident in the registered addresses was the most important issues.

In modern, democratic countries, voting rate doesn’t raise as the expending of voting right. The declination of voting rate is common in many countries. Some people even worries that the over-downcast voting rate would jeopardize the democratic politics. Therefore, for safeguarding the franchise and improving voting rate, absentee voting system is implemented.

By literature analysis and in-depth interviews, it was found that absentee voting system would ensure franchise, encourage civil interesting in politics, help to raise voting rate and to increase the legitimacy of governance. The reason for unsuccessful legislation was that the legislatives and their parties haven’t had the sense of urgency from citizens, in spite of the interests of legislatives, political parties and the fairness concerns from election office.

There are seven categories of absentee voting, and each has structural problems to be dealt with. This research suggests the followings should be concerned in legislation：

一、To amend the Constitution：to avoid the useless expenditure of time in policy-making.

二、To amend The public official elects the recall law：to avoid the needless repetition of law.

三、Who is eligible and how：those who cannot go to the polls by themselves due to work will be eligible；by means of constituency transfer mainly while polling booths in special institutions subsidiary.

四、Election affair programming：make plans depending on electoral districts and merging of polling stations in correspondence.

五、kinds of elections：Elections for National Assembly Legislators, mayor of municipality, assemblyman, and county magistrate will be considered in the initial stage.