[ 摘要 ]

中文摘要

本研究採問卷調查的方式，以結構式問卷為研究工具，針對原住民政策決策菁英（立法委員、學者、官員）進行問卷調查，以檢視原住民政策決策菁英的「基本特質」、「居住地區特質」、「個人價值觀」、「對原住民的態度」、「對原住民困境的歸因」以及「福利意識型態」等變項，對「原住民社會福利政策趨向態度」的影響。

本研究之研究方法為調查研究，研究對象（原住民政策決策菁英）的樣本名單包含第五屆立法委員共225位，中央及地方政府專責原住民事務的一級主管機關的官員共176位，以及曾接受行政院原住民族事務委員會委託而進行研究的學者共40位，總計研究樣本名單共441位。在問卷設計上，「對原住民的態度量表」、「對原住民困境的歸因」、「福利意識型態量表」等主要參考「台灣地區社會意向調查」（傅仰止2001；1995；1994a；1994b；林萬億，1994）所使用的問卷，而「對原住民社會福利政策趨向態度量表」乃研究者依據李明政（1998）所整理之原住民福利政策的六個理論觀點發展而成。在問卷施測上，立法委員以及中央政府官員由研究者親自收發，地方政府官員及學者則採郵寄問卷的方式。

在統計方法上，描述性統計以百分比、平均數、標準差分析各變項的分佈情況；在推論統計方面，則以逐步複迴歸（stepwise multiple regression）等方法來進行分析。在測量工具的信度分析上，採 Cronbach α 係數以檢測量表的內部一致性信度；而對於內部一致性較低的量表，則採因素分析（factor analysis）以粹取量表中之重要因素。

研究結果顯示，決策菁英在對原住民的態度上，存有負面刻板印象；在困境歸因上，則傾向採結構歸因；而在福利意識型態上，則傾向制度式的福利觀。在控制決策菁英的基本特質、居住地區特質變項下，「對原住民的態度」、「對原住民困境的歸因」、「個人價值觀」以及「福利意識型態」均為影響原住民政策決策菁英在「對原住民社會福利政策趨向態度」的重要指標，並且這些重要指標會產生交互作用，以影響決策菁英在族群政策上的態度。此研究結果，將使得在族群政策決策上，能更清楚決策菁英的認知及思考歷程。而在研究限制及建議上，則探討測量工具之信效度問題，以及對後續相關的建議。



[ 英文摘要 ]

Abstract

The study applied structural questionnaire to investigate the attitude toward aborigine social policy making and the associated factors of aboriginal policy elites , including legislator , scholars and the official . The factors included in the study were as follows : "the basic demographic characteristics "," the characteristics of living region "," personal values and ideology"," the attitudes toward aborigine", "the reasons of aborigine’s problems"," the welfare ideology", and so on .

Self-administed questionnaire survey was applied to collect data on a total of 441 study subjects；that included 225 legislators , 176 officials of the central and local government responsible for aboriginal affairs , and 40 scholars once entrusted by Council of Indigenous Peoples,Executive Yuan .

On the questionnaire design , "measurement of attitudes toward aborigine", "measurement of the reasons of aborigine’s problems", and "measurement of welfare ideology" were adopted mainly from the questionnaires of the General Survey of Socail Attitudes in Taiwan , and self-developed questionnaire .Besides , a study of attitude toward aborigine social policy were according to the six views of aborigine social policy developed by M.C.Lee .

Data were keyed-in and analyzed by spss statistic software . Statistics including mean , standard deviation , percentage , multiple regression were applied . Factor analysis and Cronbach α were also used to construct new scales and to test the internal reliability of the scales .

Results of the study were as follows :

1.Policy elites tended to have negative stereotype to aborigine;

2.Policy elites tended to support that the impact of social system were the major factors explained the aborigine’s problems ;

3.Policy elites tended to agree the institutional views of welfare ideology;

4.Most important of all , when "the basic demographic characteristics "and" the characteristics of living region " were controlled , the “personal values and ideology"," the attitudes toward aborigine", "the reasons of aborigine’s problems”, and "the welfare ideology" influenced the policy elites’ attitude toward aboriginal social policy making significantly. And some independent variables interact with each other.

Besides suggesting to further studies , the study also discusses the validity and reliability of the measurement tools .