依類型 族群 主題   
 
 
2007.06.01 ~ 2008.06.01
斯可巴部落朝向觀光發展行動歷程之省思 A Reflect of the Action Process Approaching to Tourism Development at Skeva Aboriginal Community
族群: 泰雅族   
主題: 學術研究、觀光旅遊  
作者 王金川
學校系所 靜宜大學觀光事業學系研究所
地點 全臺 全部  
研究內容

[ 摘要 ]
在既有的農業生產之下,斯可巴部落超過九成的居民有意願轉型休閒觀光產業,但所有人都認為轉型發展是有障礙的,依序為:資金、技術、人力、土地;部落居民對社區資源的了解僅是模糊的概念,對於自然資源可以較具體的說出資源何在,但對於文化資源就顯得眾說紛紜,找不出其生命力及吸引力。
從作者成長經驗與對一些環境現象的觀察與省思來檢視,可以發現現代人們並沒有深層的環境意識,對於大自然也是以「工具的」、「領域的」價值取向來對待。若無法建立土地與大自然「情感的」、「象徵的」價值取向(Cohen,1976),發展生態旅遊只是另一項促進經濟的產業、另一種賺錢的工具,部落居民及當地環境無法同時獲得救贖。
大自然存在的最大價值是提供人們對於「野性與靈性」的追尋。如果「神聖化某物」、「禁忌的操作」、「賦予某些人特權」這三樣任務可以操作並達成,斯可巴部落發展的同時將可兼顧環境,這也堅定了作者繼續實踐行動的信念。建立集體共同經營的發展模式,讓參與的人都能獲益,將可避免內部可能發生的市場競爭式衝突與摩擦;運用傳統部族社會整體概念的精神,以部落為主導,善用現代資本主義這個有效率的僕人,找尋願意與環境和諧共存的企業公民一起合作發展,將可達到事半功倍的三贏狀態(居民、環境、合作企業);若深度生態之旅可以在斯可巴部落發展實現,部落居民將會以全新的價值觀與行為來對待環境與大自然,在提高收入的同時也能讓他們找回自尊自重之心,重新體認對自身文化的驕傲,才能賦予傳統文化連結現代的生命力,後續的活化與再發揚使得原住民文化觀光才有真實呈現的可能。

[ 英文摘要 ]
More than 90% of the residents of Skeva Tribe have wills to make the transition into the tour industry .However all people think the transition development has four obstacles in order: Capital, Technology, Manpower, Land. Also resident''s comprehension of community resource is only a fuzzy concept although the identification of natural resources can be more concrete. It seems that culture resource opinions vary among residents and they can''t find out the vitality and attraction of cultural resource.
Author has been observing and pondering over to some environmental phenomenon through grow-up experiences. It is fair to say that modern people have shallow environmental awareness and treat the Nature with '' instrumental '' '' territorial '' values If people can’t set up Land and Nature '' sentimental '' '' symbolic '' values orientation(Cohen,1976), and to develop the eco-tourism just is just another economic tool to promote tourism industry make money. And tribe residents and local environments are unable to be rescued at the same time.
The biggest value for the Nature to offer is to initiate people’s pursuit of '' Wildness and Spirituality ''. If '' the divinization of something '', '' taboo operation '', '' conferring some people privilege '', these three kinds of tasks can be operated and achieved. then the development of Skeva Tribe take consideration to the environment and the author strengthens his faith to continues the action in practice. Establishing the development model on the collective management, enabling the participants to gain benefits, and it will internally avoid potential marketing competition, conflict and friction. The application of the mind of integral concept in traditional tribe society, empowering autonomy on tribe, using capitalism efficiently, and cooperating with enterprise citizens who had friendly environmental orientations, thus can reach third-win status among Residents, Environment, and Cooperative Enterprise. If in-depth eco-tourism can succeed at Skeva Tribe, residents will treat the Environment and Nature with brand-new values and behavior. It does not only increase residents’ income but also make them finding self-respect, dignity and the pride to their own culture again. Hence, it could give the vitality that traditional culture linking to the modern life. Finally, follow-up activation and enhancement makes aboriginal''s culture tourism just have the possibility to present its true appearance.