|
|
 |
|
|
|
| |
|
|
| |
|
|
|
以歷史觀點探討舞鶴地區農業發展過程 The Study of The Agricultural Development in Wuhe Area : Historical Perspective
|
|
|
| 作者 |
 |
陳淑媛 |
| 學校系所 |
|
國立東華大學公共行政研究所 |
| 地點 |
|
全臺 全部
|
| 研究內容 |
|
[ 摘要 ]
舞鶴台地位於花東縱谷，屬花蓮縣瑞穗鄉，是縱谷平原中最具規模、開發歷史悠久之台地，地處紅葉溪、秀姑巒溪匯流處，舞鶴山東麓，花東公路台九線穿越其上。由於本區在地理位置、地勢、地質與氣候相互影響下，四季宜人、雨量充沛，不但形成豐富的自然生態，也孕育豐富的人文特色與農村風貌。
本研究依據法國史學家布勞岱爾的長時段、中時段與短時段，分析舞鶴台地的農業發展變遷。透過舞鶴台地形成的背景因素，如地形、地質、土壤、水系、氣象與生態環境，說明舞鶴台地發展農業的先天條件、環境與限制。
而在中時段的架構中，以人類發展為主。長久以來，原住民在舞鶴台地過著單純的遊牧生活；當漢人遷居至此，對土地的利用越加頻繁，農耕作物則因土壤特性與市場需求產生許多變化，由日治時期的咖啡產業，隨著日本戰敗而沒落，隨後因香茅油市場看漲，香茅栽培也曾盛極一時；當鳳梨栽種推廣至東部，舞鶴台地的農家也曾懷抱鳳梨豐收的美夢，卻因土質條件而夢碎，改植樹薯後獲得些許的經濟改善，直到種植茶葉，外銷內需相繼擴大，作物與農民生活才逐漸穩定下來。
短時代以茶葉帶來的改變和政策的影響為重點。當山地農牧局於西元1987 年的農村綜合發展規劃建設計畫，針對交通便利、具獨特自然景觀、作物產業發達的潛力農村，進行評比，全省彙整後，舞鶴成為其中之一，也將舞鶴帶進一個新的農業發展空間，不但在山坡地保育利用的基礎上，實施各項硬體工程，並增加環境綠美化設施，提高遊客與農村環境的接觸機會，更為社區居民進行人力培訓課程，凝聚社區向心力，並朝社區的集體共識方向打造自己的家園，逐漸轉型朝向休閒農業的領域前進。
[ 英文摘要 ]
Wuhe tableland is situated in the Hualien-Taitung Rift Valley of Reisuei County, Hualien, is the most development tableland in that area. The tableland is in thejunction of Hsiukuluan and Honyeh River, east of Wuhe Mountain, and the ninth provincial road is passing through it. In the circumstance of reciprocal effect on geography, topography, geology and climate, rainfall of this area is sufficient and the weather is nice. To give birth of abundant in nature resources also the human culture and agricultural village scene.
This study is based on the theory of Fernand Braudel, using long-term, mid-term and short term cycles to analyze the development changing of agriculture of Wehe area. Through the forming background element of Wuhe tableland, such as topography, geology, soil, rivers, climate and ecosystem, to explain the condition, environment and limitation of agriculture development in Wuhe area.
Human activity is the key of mid-term cycle. Aboriginal people lived as the nomad in Wehe for a long time. After Hans moved to this area, the usage of land is more and more. The farming corps were changed due to the property of soil and the market. The coffee plantation declined after Japan lost in WWII. Lemongrass essential oil extract followed because of the benefit from the market. Then the pineapple plantation was promoting in East part of Taiwan, lots of local farmers pictured the beautiful future wished be brought by the pineapple, but vanished by the poor condition of soil. The economic improved after cassava instead. Finally, the import and the domestic needs of tea kept increase, both the crop and life of Wehe people were more stable.
The changing brought by tea and the effect upon government policy is focused on the short-term cycle. The comprehensive development formulation plan of country villages of the Mountain Agricultural Resources Development Bureau in 1987 chose Wehe area as one of the model to build because the location with convenient of traffic, unique of landscape for sightseeing and well established of farming. This opportunity brought Wuhe into a new era of development, not only for the environmental improvement constructions of tea plantation, also the facilities of countryside for tourism, in order to increase the interacting activities and chances for tourists into this area. Besides, to build cohesion by organizing suitable lessons for community members, encourage them to fulfill their dream through cooperation and collaboration, to face the transform of
leisure farming industry.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
