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原住民表演藝術與國立傳統藝術中心之對應關係 The Correspondence between National Center for Traditional Arts (NCTA) and Indigenous Performing Art
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| 作者 |
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林奐晨 |
| 學校系所 |
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國立東華大學民族藝術研究所 |
| 地點 |
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全臺 全部
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| 研究內容 |
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[ 摘要 ]
原住民表演藝術與國立傳統藝術中心之對應關係
摘要
台灣經濟能力日趨富足，在科技與資訊各方面成長迅速，社會急遽變遷，最顯著影響在於整個文化環境的改變，因此來自世界各地的文化充斥著台灣。對於傳統文化而言是很大的衝擊，而傳統文化代表著過去常民生活的縮影，也是先民的智慧與過去生活的集體記憶，對台灣而言是珍貴的文化寶藏，著實有保存的必要。畢竟在發展新文化的同時，需有傳統文化的根基才能讓文化內容中更具有獨特性。而表演藝術更是由表演者直接透過視覺、聽覺的方式來傳遞表演內容，觀者也能直接接受到表演者所傳遞的訊息，是最貼近人心的藝術。論及台灣的傳統表演藝術，原住民表演藝術理應不能被排除在外，但基於整個台灣的社會長期均以漢人為主流的文化背景，對原住民表演藝術的發展是不利的生存環境，是故原住民表演藝術長期處於弱勢的地位。
本論文有鑑於原住民表演藝術存在的弱勢，特以一個國家機構(國立傳統藝術中心)為研究場域，首先透過相關文獻的攝取，對研究主題有基本的認識，進而以質性訪談的方式進行相關樂舞團體訪談，直接了解樂舞團體目前發展遇到的困難、更透過曾經在傳藝中心擔任志工的經驗觀察，將這些不同研究方法中所獲得的資訊進行整合與分析。以一個關心原住民藝術的角度去探討原住民表演藝術在國立傳統藝術中心所扮演的角色，進而擴大討論原住民在整個社會的定位。文末將以三個環境因素：經濟效益、文化政策、文化趨勢來剖析原住民藝術在這三個角度上都是不利的地位，因此三個觀點環環相扣並互相影響，造就原住民藝術長期遭遇漠視的對待。但所幸近年全球對族群文化的關懷，以及多元主義的概念提升，原住民藝術才逐漸有復甦的機會。
多元文化是我國珍貴的文化資源，必須以同等重視的態度去維護與推廣，因此相關單位都應提倡多元族群的觀念，對過去主流文化想法儘可能以加倍心力去強化族群文化的存在，並透過地方、學校、政府資源整合。讓原住民藝術擁有發展的空間，這也是本文的最大研究價值。
[ 英文摘要 ]
The Correspondence between National Center for Traditional Arts (NCTA) and Indigenous Performing Art
Abstract
With better economics, rapid growth of technology and information, drastic social change in Taiwan nowadays, the most influence of all is the change of entire cultural environment, therefore Taiwan is filled with cultures from all over the world. It has great impact on traditional culture which represent the epitome of bypass civic life、also the predecessors wisdom and collective memory of foretime livings. These are all valuable cultural treasures of Taiwan and are certain for preservation. While we develop new cultures, without the foundation of traditional culture we see no uniqueness in cultural content. Performance arts deliver performing contents through visual and acoustic approaches directly from the performers can be most considerate art. We can not exclude the indigenous performance are while mentioning traditional performance art in Taiwan, though the cultural background of entire society in Taiwan is based on Chinese. Such unfavorable sustaining environment of development of indigenous performance art has restricted it under inferior status chronically.
Focusing on the disadvantage of the sustaining of indigenous performance art, the thesis take National Center for Traditional Arts (NCTA) as research site and achieve fundamental understanding through relative reference comprehending. With qualitative interview we realize directly the difficulties these art performance groups encountered recently. Through observational experience as a volunteer in NCTA, we put information gained by these research methods into integration and analysis. We confer indigenous performance art acted in NCTA with an indigenous art considering view, and extend discussion the position of the indigenous people in the entire society. In the end of the thesis we set three environmental factors：Economic benefit、cultural policy、and cultural trend to analyze within the indigenous art and all in disadvantage situation. And with the three negative factors coevolved for not a short run, ignorance for a long term is inevitable. For the global concern toward ethnic culture, and conceptual enhancement of pluralism recently, indigenous art has the opportunity to improve its status gradually.
Multicultural resources are precious and shall be maintained and popularized with equal consideration. Thus relative governing sections should advocate concepts of multi-populations. We should also pay more attentions to strengthen ethnic cultures and integrate resources through local governments and academies. The most value lie on extending more developing opportunities for indigenous people.
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