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地理資訊系統作為與民眾溝通工具之探討－以華隆部落土地爭議為例 Geographic Information Systems as a communication tool with public - a case study of land contention in Hualong tribe
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| 作者 |
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彭玉玲 |
| 學校系所 |
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國立東華大學自然資源管理研究所 |
| 地點 |
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全臺 全部
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| 研究內容 |
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[ 摘要 ]
地理資訊系統（GIS）具有強大資料儲存、分析，以及影像展示的功能，故其應用層面相當廣泛，並且它能藉著整合複雜的資訊，而能夠調和意見與衝突。故本文藉由華隆部落土地爭議，利用GIS外掛程式－SHALSTAB，分析部落世耕地坡度之穩定性，並以GIS為一個溝通平台，企圖於溝通協調過程中，與華隆部落達到共識。
本研究方式主要以深度訪談與參與觀察的方式，瞭解部落與土地之間的關係與土地爭議的核心問題後，利用GIS判定世耕地的穩定程度，並提出替代方案。最後以GIS為一個溝通平台，於部落舉行說明會，爭對環境分析的結果與替代方案作說明。
環境分析結果顯示，世耕地並非適合解編，所以本案可以提出共管及地易地兩項替代方案。但因部落還我土地運動已四十餘年，部落對於外界產生極度不信任感，再者於溝通層面上，部落因與外界有著嚴重資訊落差，而導致部落與公部門之間長期溝通不良，故在尋求共識的溝通過程中，雖經過多次說明與協調，部落強烈認為「拿回自己土地」乃是天經地義，且是唯一合理的道路，所以難與華隆部落達到共識。
因此對於華隆部落土地爭議而言，即使GIS有著圖形介面，以及對土地利用較能進行彈性評估之優點，應用GIS於華隆部落進行溝通仍是未能達到共識，亦無法找尋到適合的替代方案。
GIS於原住民議題上的應用，未來將會是一種趨勢。因此，若原住民能夠學會自行操作GIS系統，在未來上，在面對原住議題時，原住民將有更多的能力與機會與當權政府進行良好的溝通。
[ 英文摘要 ]
With the ability of storing, sorting, analyzing, and displaying graphical and spatial environmental data, Geographic Information Systems (GIS) are indispensable tools for natural resources management, The advantage of map display of the GIS results can also be a very powerful tools to aid communication among people of divers backgrounds. In this case study, AricView and an extension module SHALSATB were used to analyze the slope stability of an aboriginal traditional tribe land (Hua-Long tribe). The graphic displays of results were deployed during meetings with the tribe people in order to solve the dispute over tribe and the governmental agencies.
The slope stability analysis suggested that the tribe land was not suitable to release from its current status of a protection forest following governmental regulations of forest land and soil conservation. Extensive interviews and participant-observation research were also carried out to investigate the core questions in aboriginal culture and social aspects in this land dispute. Alternative resolutions such as swap the Hua-Long tribe land with other public forest lands and the possibility of developing a co-management scheme were also touched in the processes.
However, as the dispute is deeply rooted from historical distrust between aboriginal tribe and the land management agencies. Even though alternatives were suggested by this study, leaders of the tribe people are determined to strive for their traditional land ownership. Although, the dispute remains difficult to resolve within a short period of time, suggestions of public participation GIS (PPGIS) are still made as a conclusion of this study. Signs of the acceptance of the GIS by youth in the tribe during the tribe meetings seems indicated that ability of using GIS to explore the possible schemes of natural resources management by aboriginal tribe is encouraging. As the land disputes between aboriginal tribes and government agencies are wide spread in Taiwan, the training of aboriginal tribe in communication and analysis using the GIS will be a critical step toward sustainable development of natural resources in Taiwan.
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