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台灣西拉雅族群文化變遷之探討 A study of Taiwan’s Ethnic of Siraya cultural refinements and changes
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| 作者 |
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呂春振 |
| 學校系所 |
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國立臺南大學台灣文化研究所 |
| 地點 |
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全臺 全部
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| 研究內容 |
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[ 摘要 ]
研究西拉雅族群實為重建本土文化最重要的一環，缺少了西拉雅族群的台灣史，就像缺了一角的拼圖，無法完整，因西拉雅族群對任何外來力量皆首當其衝。除了研究其社會的特質之外，更應了解其在台灣社會發展的特色，掌握族群多元文化的內涵，以及西拉雅族群與漢人之間相互交融的情況，產生異於原來文化的合成文化。
西拉雅族群是平埔族群的一支，包括西拉雅（Siraya）本族、大武壠（Taivoan）、馬卡道（Makatao）三個亞族，是多元且紛異的。如今，西拉雅族群雖然漢化已深，幸好留下若干特殊的姓氏、地名、習俗，提供尋覓蹤跡的線索。研究者從地名、姓氏、宗教信仰及歲時祭儀著手，找尋西拉雅族人後裔的蹤跡。從這些線索之中，研究者體認到西拉雅族群的祀壺信仰、公廨、牽曲，正是最值得保存的文化資產。
本研究的目的：（一）藉探究了解西拉雅族群的來源及分佈情形；（二）藉西拉雅族群漢化遷徙過程及生活習俗演化來探討西拉雅族群文化的變遷；（三）藉由文獻分析及田野實察，來探討西拉雅族群的宗教信仰之變遷，與歲時祭儀之演變。西拉雅族群研究的獨特之處乃在於它能提供吾人瞭解台灣甚或人類社會的另一種新視野。
最後，探討西拉雅族群遷移花東的原因及過程。東遷後族群文化如何旁徵博引地吸納不同亞群的精髓及在原住民環伺的環境下，薈萃水乳交融成為生命共同體的歷程。探討西拉雅族群文化的變遷，藉以培養我們「對同胞有愛，對土地有情」的胸襟。期盼能將研究的成果教育我們的下一代，認識自己的鄉土，對自己找出自信心來。
[ 英文摘要 ]
The Siraya ethnic minority, which was pluralistic and included three inferior clans (Siraya, Taivoan, and Makatao), was one branch of the Peipo People in Taiwan. Nowadays, although the Siraya ethnic minority has already been deeply assimilated into the Chinese life, nevertheless some special surnames, place names, and customs still subsist. By studying surnames, place names, and yearly ceremonies, one can trace the descendants of the Siraya clansman. Lastly, we can probe into the reasons why the Siraya ethnic minority migrated to Taidong and Hualian, the process of the migration, cultural exchange, and union with the other inferior clans and natives in a life community.
Purpose of this research:
1)To understand the origin and the distribution of this ethnicity;
2)To discuss the cultural change of the Siraya clansman by studying the migration process and the evolution of living customs;
3)To analyze the changing of religious belief and the transition of yearly ceremonies by bibliographic research and field investigations.
After studying these clues, the researcher realized that the faith of offering the sacrifices to the gods with pots (Sihu), Gonggai, and Qianqu were some of the worthiest heritages to be preserved.
Studying the Siraya ethnic minority was the most important step to rebuilding the natives’ culture. It furthered our understanding of the cultural history of Taiwan. Above all, by conducting this research, we hope to educate the younger generations to know our homeland better. Then we can love our people and homeland more, and find confidence in our own culture.
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