This study examined the effect of Community Forestry Project (CFP) on an indigenous community which employs the common-pool concept on its community resource management tasks. We interviewed with officials of Taiwan Forestry Bureau (TFB) and residents of the indigenous Smangus community. In addition, we extracted indigenous traditional knowledge of natural resource management by observing residents’ routine activities such as hunting, plantation, ecotourism service and so on. Research result indicates that the generic implementation plan of CFP can not meet the community’s expectation in terms of natural resource conservation and management. For a successful CFP, the implementation plan should be able to meet individual community’s requirement. The perception gap between TFB and communities should be diminished and a multi-dimensional implementation strategy is needed.
