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中年婦女罹患心血管疾病風險之認知與健康行為及其相關因素探討
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| 作者 |
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曾惠盈 |
| 學校系所 |
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國立台北護理學院護理研究所 |
| 地點 |
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全臺 全部
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| 研究內容 |
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0
[ 摘要 ]
本研究目的為了解中年婦女對罹患心臟病危險因子的認知與執行預防心臟病健康行為情形，並分析影響婦女對罹患心臟病危險因子認知差異之相關因素。採橫斷式之調查研究，以居住於宜蘭縣境內之45-65歲中年婦女為對象，分三地區收集資料—城市組、鄉村組及山區部落組，每組各收集50名，三組共收案150名婦女。由研究者以結構式問卷訪談進行資料蒐集，內容包括心臟病危險因子認知、執行預防心臟病健康行為及人口學基本資料，以SPSS13.0統計軟體進行資料整理與分析，包括描述性統計和ANOVA、皮爾森積差相關、階層式複迴歸等推論性統計。研究結果顯示：中年婦女對罹患心臟病危險因子之認知，最多的為肥胖、不運動及高血壓；認知最少的為糖尿病、更年期及抽煙。在執行預防心臟病健康行為中以均衡飲食最好。山區部落組的婦女，比城市組婦女，對罹患心臟病危險因子之認知及執行預防心臟病健康行為較低落。人口學變項中，教育程度解釋婦女心臟病危險因子之認知總分變異量達14％，解釋婦女在執行預防心臟病健康行為之變異量達24％；在執行預防心臟病健康行為變項中，有獲得心臟保健知識的人，能解釋婦女對心臟病危險因子認知總分變異量達21％。本研究建議，相關健康照顧工作者，應專注於提升婦女在心臟病危險因子的認識，來促進其執行預防心臟病之健康行為，需特別注意教育程度較低者，評估其在心臟保健知識的需求，設計符合低教育程度者的衛教策略；對居住於山區部落的婦女，應加強對心臟病危險因子的認知，來促進原住民婦女的心血管健康。
[ 英文摘要 ]
ABSTRACT
The purpose of this study was to explore perceived risk factors and health behaviors of cardiovascular disease among midlife women, and to investigate the relationship between perceived risk factors and demographic characteristics and health behaviors. A cross-section survey design was used in this study. Women were recruited from three groups’ residence areas---urban, town and remote ---and each group was 50 women. Totally one hundred fifty participants, aged 45 to 65years midlife women live in I-Lan County were visited. The structured questionnaires were applied including perceived cardiovascular risk factors, demographic characteristics and health behaviors of cardiovascular disease. The software of SPSS 13.0 was applied for data analysis, including using description, Pearson’s product moment correlation and multiple regression analysis.
Results showed that obesity, lack of exercise, and hypertension were the most common risk factors identified by women, diabetes, perimenopause, and smoking were the least common risk factors identified by women. The most common health behavior of cardiovascular disease was the diet of balance. Women who live in remote area had lower score of risk factors and health behaviors of cardiovascular disease compared with women who live in urban area. The significantly predictor among demographic characteristics was education level which explained 14％of total amount of variance of the score of risk factors and explained 24％of total amount of variance of health behaviors. The significantly predictor of the score of risk factors among health behaviors was women who achieved healthy heart information which explained 21％of total amount of variance.
The findings suggested that health providers should increase the knowledge of risk factors of cardiovascular disease for women clients, and improve their cardiovascular health behaviors. Especially, health educational strategies for lower education level women. For women who live in remote area should reinforce the practice of health behaviors for preventing from cardiovascular disease.
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