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台灣原住民族休閒活動與社會文化變遷之研究─以南王聚落世俗化與涵化過程為例(A Study of Recreation Activity and Sicial Vicissitudes of Taiwan''''s Aborigines - The Secularization and Acculturation Process of Puyuma''''s Nan-wang Community)
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| 作者 |
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呂政武 |
| 學校系所 |
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國立臺灣師範大學體育研究所 |
| 地點 |
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全臺 全部
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| 研究內容 |
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*中心館藏網址:http://0rz.tw/b758V
[ 摘要 ]
本論文的主要目的，是在探究台灣原住民族休閒活動內容與社會文化變遷的轉化及其相關問題的分析。
本文的焦點著重在台灣社會文化變遷的過程中，對於原住民族休閒活動與社會文化樣式的改變歷程為立論的理論基礎，為此，以世俗化與涵化為核心的概念，幫助我們釐清與闡明問題：就世俗化的社會學觀點而論，說明原住民族休閒活動內容，在社會文化變遷的歷程中特質的轉換；就涵化的人類學觀點而言，用來闡明台灣原住民族休閒活動內容在文化接觸後所產生的影響。
本論文研究結果得到以下結論：從1895年至1945年五十年間，台灣原住民族在日本殖民帝國主義下，計畫性瓦解南王聚落年齡級組織的嚴肅性與祭典活動的神聖性解體，使南王聚落的身體運動也有所改變。南王聚落原始生活習俗、文化典型的身體運動形式，逐漸趨向一般性休閒娛樂的身體運動。其神聖性的身體運動解體，增加了遊戲典型的身體運動的內容，逐漸呈現日本化色彩的顯現，也顯現出現代休閒內容面貌的導入與確立。
從1946年至1999年五十四年間，台灣原住民族在國民政府引進西方民主制度，實施地方自治，使南王聚落的部落自治主體性，滑落至邊陲型的社會文化；國民政府政策，促使原住民族神聖性的身體運動逐漸消失或世俗化，導入遊戲典型的身體運動內容的增加，呈現現代休閒活動強勢的社會文化作用，即是一種涵化的過程；國民政府時期，原住民族神聖性的身體運動內容呈現，逐漸儀式化或解體的現象，其神聖性的身體運動面貌，逐漸轉向競技性及休閒性的身體運動，此一過程實然是一種世俗化的現象，也顯現出休閒活動特質的飛躍與轉型。
[ ABSTRACT ]
The purpose of this thesis is to analyze and probe into the recreation activity, social vicissitudes and related circumstances of Taiwan''s aborigines.
This thesis puts great emphasis on the recreation activity of Taiwan''s aborigines and the process of their own social vicissitudes during Taiwan''s social and cultural changes. In addition, the theory of secularization and the concept of acculturation are employed to clearly explain the following actual states. On the basis of the theory of secularization, the change of aborigines'' recreation activity features in the course of social and cultural evolution is plainly expressed. And in terms of the concept of acculturation, the impact of alien culture on aborigines'' recreation activity is also clearly illustrated.
The conclusions of this thesis are as follows: During the fifty years from 1895 to 1945, under Japan''s colonial policy, the solemnity of Nan-wang community''s generation groups and the holiness of its ritual celebrations died out. As a result, it brought about changes of Nan-wang community''s physical exercises. This community''s old customs and its typical way of physical exercises gradually altered and finally became recreational. In other words, the holiness of physical exercises disintegrated and the recreational type of physical exercises came into being. It gradually assumed some Japanized color and modem recreation was surely introduced into this community and was here to stay.
During the fifty-four years from 1946 to 1999, The National Government imported democracy and implemented local self-government. In this way Nan-wang community''s tribal autonomy was reduced to marginal society and culture. Owing to the National Government''s policy, the holiness of aborigines'''' physical exercises died out or became secularized. Typical games and play were introduced and increased. Modem recreation activity presented its domineering culture effect. This was a kind of acculturaion process. In the National Government period, the holiness of aborigines'' physical exercises gradually became ritualized or disintegrated. It was gradually transformed into athletic sports or recreational exercises. This was a sort of secularization phenomenon. And recreation activity underwent changes by leaps and bounds. |
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