[ 摘要 ]
本研究想要瞭解玉山國家公園成立20年以來執行國家公園法所受行政處分時內住民心理反應與實際上受行政處分之量的變動是否一致。並以開放式問卷調查初步瞭解執行國家公園法內各項與住民生活、經濟、文化相關問題住民的反應變化量。探討國家公園法執行與當地布農族原住民相關之8項執法，過去到現在所造成的衝突反應。由國家公園法案件執行統計分析民國76年開始成立國家公園至93年共計18年間，以當地發生重大天然災害賀伯颱風為分界點，民國85年以前10年間，執行國家公園法之處罰案件平均為76-80年40件，81-85年97件，顯著高於86年以後8年間處罰案件平均為86-90年33件，91-93年6件，我們由處罰案件數量過去到現在減少的趨勢，建立管理單位對國家公園法執行上是否過去比較嚴格，現在比較寬鬆的假說；並以梅山村地區布農族原住民對此一假說為調查對象進行驗證，並尋找相關原因。
受訪布農族群有效問卷數計101份，問卷設計有8項國家公園執法項目。東埔1鄰受試者53人僅對丟廢棄物一項認知為中間趨嚴，餘均為認知嚴格。梅山村受試者48人則對取締狩獵及丟廢棄物為中間趨寬的認知、對採摘野物及擅入林道為中間趨嚴的認知、餘則為嚴格的認知。而併計二地受試者之問卷統計則有採摘野物、丟廢棄物及擅入林道三項認知為中間趨嚴，其餘對建物限制等5項則均為認知嚴格。因此棄卻H0趨於寬鬆假說，接受H1趨於嚴格對立假說。
布農原住民對國家公園成立經過20年以來，2地區布農原住民，已逐漸瞭解管理單國家公園法的執行，並提出申請；同時執法者包括國家公園警察或巡視員更加強宣導、巡視及取締。二地區布農原住民接受有關是否受國家公園法處罰比例為15%左右，並由公文檔案整理之歷年受處罰案件數所估算之受罰人數驗證。
二地區布農族群心裡認知與實際調查性質與量的變化一致，應可表示執法嚴格與處分多寡，會對原住民的生活經濟與心理造成直接影響，如原住民的心理認知與實際調查性質與數量多寡無相關性，則應存有非屬行政處分範疇之其他因素。
[ 英文摘要 ]
This study aims at investigating into the changes in relationship between the National Park Law (NPL) and the aborigines since 1984 and touches upon the issues of the utilization of reservation by the Bunun and management of the national parks. The subjects of this study are the Bunun tribes of the Dongpu Neibourhood 1 and Meisun Village in the Yushan National Park. And it is the intention to explore whether or not the psychological perceptions of the Bunun punished by the NPL correspond to the degree of severity of administrative disciplinary action taken for the past 20 years. An open-ended questionnaire was employed to collect the responses of the Bunun concerning lifestyles, economic and cultural activities so as to pinpoint their attitude by using nonparametric statistical Chi-square test. This information has implications for the management of the national parks and relevant administrative disciplinary action.
First of all, the cases violating the NPL each year were garnered and the total cases were 2,030 from 1987 to 2004. There were 10 to 45 cases each year form 1987 to 1990 and from 2000 to 2004 while there were more than 100 cases each year from 1991 to 1999. Secondly, the respective total population of the Bunun in Dongpu Neibourhood 1 and Meisun Village are 392 and 359.
The valid copies of questionnaire amount to 101 in these two areas with the sampling error below 5%. Among the eight items with respect to the implementation of the NPL in the survey, indigenous people perceived that two items have become stricter, four have remained unchanged and two have turned out be looser. The stricter are banning the disposal of waste material and the remove of earth and stone; the unchanged are the limitation on the con/restructure of house, banning hunting, banning the harvest of wild plants and banning the driving on the restricted forest roads; the looser are unauthorized utilization of land and refresh the land using fire.
We found that the changes in psychological perception of the Bunun in two areas are in accord with the results of the open-ended questionnaire. This implies that the degree of severity of a disciplinary action may directly bring about economic and psychological impact to the residents. If there is no relationship between the psychological perception of the aborigines and the empirical survey, it must have other factors except the administrative disciplinary action.