[ 摘要 ]

大同部落為太魯閣族傳統的部落，自2005年10月至2006年9月間，透過野外的採集與部落報導人的訪談，以瞭解當地居民對於植物的利用，包括利用的種類、方式及其文化意涵。結果記錄到大同部落民族植物84科182屬226種，包含15種蕨類植物、5種裸子植物、206種被子植物；其中有98種植物的用途是過去研究者未曾提到，而本研究首次記錄者；以植物的生活型來看，喬木與草本植物佔優勢（38％；35.8％）；以產地屬性而言，原生種利用的比例最高（73.4％）；依照植物的利用方式，可分為食用植物、藥用植物、狩獵植物、薪柴植物、建材植物、生活用具植物、農事植物、衣飾植物、儀式植物、交易植物、地名植物、樂器植物、嗜好品植物、玩具植物及其他等15項用途類別；在所有用途中以食用植物（105種）最多，狩獵植物（49種）次之。訪談過程中，發現部落男性報導人對於狩獵植物與建築植物種類較熟悉，女性報導人對於食用植物較熟悉，主要是受到男女分工性質的影響。

就植物用途類別多樣性而言，以單一種用途類別植物最多，佔60.6％，兩項以上的用途類別佔39.4％；桂竹為用途類別多樣性最高的植物，共有8種用途類別；就植物用途細目多樣性而言，以單一用途細目植物佔最多58％，兩種以上用途細目植物佔42％；桂竹有15項用途細目，為用途細目最高者，其餘的竹類如：孟宗竹、包籜矢竹…等也有較高的用途類別。

下列植物可做為發展部落特色的植物，如展現部落飲食特色的山蘇花、過溝菜蕨、臺灣土黨參、綠豆、山胡椒、昭和草、苦苣菜、食茱萸、龍葵、糯米團、芋、大薯、野薤、小米、包籜矢竹…等；作為傳統屋舍建材的臺灣桫欏、筆筒樹、桂竹、麻竹、孟宗竹…等。竹類是部落建立、災害防治、建構房舍、製作用具及提供食物等多用途的特色植物，應是發展部落特色的主要資源。此外，當地所種植的包籜矢竹（Pesudosasa usawai.）所產的箭竹筍，產期與口感都與平地產的箭筍(Sinobambusa kunishii.)有所差別，是當地居民重要的經濟作物。

[ 英文摘要 ]

This ethnobotany study of Da-Tung village in Taroko tribe were carried from October 2005 to September 2006, 226 species belonging to 182 geners and 84 families were recorded, including 15 species of Pteridophytes, 5 species of Gymnosperms, and 206 species of Angiospermaes .There are 98 species first recorded in this study: 9 species of Pteridophytes, 4 species of Gymnosperms, and 85 species of Angiosperms. In the life form, arbors and herbs are predominant, the proportion of native species is higher than cultivated species. The use of these plants can be classified into15 categories, including food(105), hunting(49), living utensil(41), farming(39), construction material(37), medicine(33), fuel(30), weaving material(12), place name(9), exchange(7), toy(6), ceremony(5), musical(5), hobby(5), and others(3).In the process of interview, the author found that male residents were more familiar with plants for hunting and construction material otherwise the female were familiar with food.

In the use-categories, the proportion of single-use plants are 60.6%, over two single-use plants are 39.4%.Phyllostachys makinoi（makino bamboo）has plenty of use-categories(8). In the use-item, the proportion of single-use item plants is 58%, over two single-use item plants is 42%. There are 18 use-item in Phyllostachys makinoi, other kinds of bamboo, such as, Phyllostachys pubescens(moso bamboo) and Arundinaria usawai(usawa bamboo) , also have more use-categories.

Some plants are Da-Tung village traditional wild foods and construction material plants, which have development value, such as, Asplenium antiquum, Anisogonium esculentum, Alsophila spinulosa, Sphaeropteris lepifera, Campanumoea lancifolia, Vigna radiate, Litsea cubeba, Erechtites hieracifolia, Sonchus arvensis, Zanthoxylum ailanthoides, Solanum nigrum, Gonostegia hirta, Colocasia escutenta, Dioscorea alata, Allium thunbergii, Dendrocalamus latiflorus(ma bamboo), Phyllostachys makinoi, Phyllostachys pubescens, Setaria italica, Arundinaria usawai etc.

For Da-Tung village bamboos are most characteristic plants, which can be used for village establishment, disaster prevention, house building, tool making and food providing. They would be the main resource for village development. Besides, the harvested season and the taste of the bamboo shoot of Pseudosasa usawai are different from similar species (Sinobambusa kunishii.) of low altitude nearby area, so it becomes an important economic plants for local.