[ 摘要 ]

目前行政院原住民族委員會將原住民就業困難的政策問題主要歸因為文化差異與外勞排擠效應，導致都市就業的不容易，尤其原住民女性更存在比一般女性更嚴重的失業率，以及面臨來自負擔家計的經濟壓力。因此政府乃制定促進「原鄉就業」的政策計畫，其分為提供原鄉短期就業機會以及發展原鄉文化觀光與照顧服務產業兩大部分。本研究目的為探討促進「原鄉就業」的相關措施對原住民婦女就業究竟有何實質影響？其對於原鄉產業發展又有何期待與需求？研究者試圖運用「回應性評估」之途徑以檢視該政策是否滿足原住民女性的需求、偏好、價值或關切議題，同時針對花蓮縣卓溪鄉的個案究，擬採取文獻分析與深度訪談方法藉以瞭解卓溪鄉原住民女性如何回應促進「原鄉就業」政策的看法，呈現出不同的政策觀點，以提供政府有關單位參考。

根據研究蒐集到的訪談結果發現，卓溪鄉原住民女性大致傾向於肯定政府促進「原鄉就業」政策的美意，也認同開發文化、觀光與照顧產業的工作機會是符合內心期盼的需求，惟對於該政策仍有以下需要改進之處：(一)政府提供短期臨時的工作機會只能「治標不治本」實非長久之計(二)原鄉老人照護與兒童托育需求亟需專業人才的投入(三)發展原住民文化與觀光產業的部落意識尚待整合(四)原住民文化產業需要協助開拓行銷管道。因此本研究認為未來的「原鄉就業」政策值得持續執行，惟政府尚需從以下面向繼續努力：(一)建構長期導向的原住民

就業政策架構(二)加強宣導職業訓練的觀念(三)兼顧都市與原鄉的就業需求(四)發展以原住民為主體性的文化觀光產業。整體而言，未來原住民就業政策應該由原住民主動發掘適合本身的工作機會，並尋求政府就業協助；至於政府則應具備溝通協調與資源整合的能力，以求就業政策能回應原住民的就業需求。

[ 英文摘要 ]

Council of Indigenous Peoples, Executive Yuan defines the policy problem of

aborigines’ employment as cultural differences and introduce of foreign laborers,

which lead to the difficulty of the aboriginal employment in city. Particularly the

unemployment rate of aboriginal women is more serious than that of the ordinary

women, and aboriginal women have to face the economic pressure to take the burden

of the family. Therefore, the government establishes the policy, “promoting the

aboriginal village employment”; it is divided into two parts, one is to provide the

opportunity of short-term employment; the other is to develop the tourism and

elderly-caring industry. The purpose of the research is to discuss the policy of the

“aboriginal village employment”. What is the influence on the women employment?

What is the women’s expectation and needs for the industrial development in

aboriginal village? The approach of responsive evaluation is adopted to examine if

the policy satisfies aboriginal women’s needs, preference, value and concerned issues.

The citation analysis and the in-depth interview are adopted in the case study at

zhuo-xi township, Hualien to understand how aboriginal women’s response to the

policy of aboriginal village employment, which reveals diverse viewpoints to provide

for the authorities concerned.

According to the research, aboriginal women in zhuo-xi township tent to approve

the government’s good intention of the policy of aboriginal employment, and agree

that the working opportunity of cultural development, tourism and elderly-caring

industry answer to their expectations. However, there are still some disadvantages

that need to be improved in the policy: (1) The government provides the short-term

temporary working opportunity is merely to effect a temporary solution to a problem.

(2) Aboriginal elders and children need the professionals to take care of them. (3)

Developing both culture industry and tourism need to integrate the tribal

v

consciousness. (4) Cultural industry needs the government’s assistance to expand the

selling market. Therefore, the conclusion of this research is that the policy of

aboriginal village employment is worth implementing. However, the government

still needs to make efforts as follows: (1) Construct a completed frame of aboriginal

employment policy. (2) Reinforce the concepts of the occupational training. (3)

Satisfy the aborigines’ needs in city and aboriginal village. (4) Develop the culture

industry and tourism that is based on the aborigines’ subjectivity. On the whole, the

policy of aboriginal village employment should let the aborigines search for their own

appropriate employment opportunity, and they can ask for the government’s

assistance. Finally, the government should possess the competence of both

communication and integrating resources in order to let the policy satisfy the

aborigines’ employment needs.