依類型 族群 主題   
 
 
2021.07.05
原住民族產業聯盟推動之研究-以花蓮縣瑞穗鄉為例
族群: 跨族群  
主題: 產業經濟、部落發展  
作者 馬嘉珉
學校系所 國立東華大學公共行政學系
地點 花蓮縣 瑞穗鄉    
研究內容

本研究以花蓮縣瑞穗鄉鄉公所執行107年至110年「原住民族經濟產業發展4年計畫-原住民族產業創新價值計畫-扶植產業聚落」過程為背景,該計畫結合瑞穗鄉的觀光、生態及農業等產業,吸引消費者前往部落進行農業體驗,在生活、生產、生態的架構下,結合原住民文化與有機友善農產業,規劃具有深度之部落小旅行,使部落朝向六級化發展,增加部落族人的所得及經濟活力。
本研究以該計畫輔導成立的產業聯盟作為研究對象,藉由深度訪談及文獻探討與參與式觀察等方式,觀察產業聯盟組織的運作,在產業六級化的過程及產業群聚效應的達成上,運用部落小旅行,打造產業品牌及建構商業模式等策略,為部落找到文化傳承基礎,在從事經濟活動中達成文化傳承及環境永續,並達成促進原住民族經濟產業發展及就業之目標。並梳理產業聯盟如何逐步發展瑞穗鄉具有部落特色的部落休閒產業,永續部落生活、生產、生態的品質提昇,並帶動整體經濟發展,朝向樂活、健康、友善、養生的幸福莊園。
本研究結果如列:
一、凝聚產業聯盟的共識需要長時間的信任關係
二、產業的升級在於組織的商業模式禁得起市場的考驗,而有獲利營運的機會。
三、部落小旅行的文化詮釋權要還原給地方。
四、風土經濟首重對在地文化的耕耘與理解。
五、直接與消費者互動溝通,創造自主經營能力。
本研究建議如列:
一、社區組織:(一)要營造獨特的在地風土經濟;(二)對市場進行溝通與推廣,創造更多資源與機會。
二、政府部門:(一)應積極輔導或協助地方整合資源,對外溝通以建構永續經營的商業模式;(二)建立地方產官學研社平台,打造有共鳴性的地方品牌。

This study is based upon the “Indigenous Industry Project on Value Innovation – Fostering Industrial Clusters” (hereinafter referred to as “the Project”) of the Four-Year Indigenous Economic and Industrial Development Plan executed by the Ruisui Township Office in Hualien County from 2018 to 2021, and the Project was to integrate local industries, tourism, ecology, agriculture for instance, that the Ruisui Township has to offer in order to attract consumers to visit local tribes and have agricultural experience. Departing from the three-pillar structure, i.e. life, production, and ecology, both indigenous cultures and organic and eco-friendly agriculture have been combined together, and several in-depth indigenous trips have been mapped and organized expectedly to transform the overall local industry into the ‘Sixth-Grade Industry’ as well as to increase the income and the economic vitality of the members of local tribes.

This study chose the industry alliance formed by and under the guidance of the Project as the subject (hereinafter referred to as “the Alliance”), and then adopted different methods including in-depth interviews, literature review, participant observations, etc., to observe the operation of the Alliance. Furthermore, this study used various strategies, organizing indigenous trips, creating brands and business models for instance, to not only upgrade local industries to six-grade and create the industry cluster effect, but also find the local tribes the foundation for their cultural inheritance in order to secure cultural inheritance and environmental sustainability while engaging in economic activities, and eventually achieve the objective of promoting indigenous economic/industrial development and employment. In addition, this study also identified the know-how for the Alliance to develop step-by-step for Ruisui Township a leisure industry featuring tribal characteristics, to equip tribal life, production, and ecology with sustainability and improve the quality, and to drive the overall economic development toward the destination that is happy, healthy, friendly, and health-conscious.

The results of this study are as follows:
1. To reach and uphold the consensus of the Alliance requires a long-term relationship full of trust.
2. The upgrading of the industry relies upon whether or not the business model of the organization can stand the test of market, and whether or not the organization in question has the opportunity to operate, even make profits.
3. Regarding the implementation of indigenous trips, the authority for the cultural interpretation shall be handed back to the origin, i.e. local authority and/or peoples.
4. The primary focus of Terroir-based economy shall be the cultivation and understanding of local cultures.
5. The direct interaction and communication with consumers is beneficial to the creation of independent operation and management capacity.

The suggestions made by this study are as follows:
1. Community-based Organizations shall (1) create and development unique local Terroir-based economy, and (2) both communicate upon and promote market to create more resources and opportunities.
2. Government agencies shall (1) actively provide local authorities with guidance or assistance to integrate resources, to establish external communication to build up sustainable business models, and (2) establish a platform incorporating local industries, public sectors, and the academia in order to create local brands that resonate.