依類型 族群 主題   
 
 
2017.07.13
原住民部落觀光發展之研究 -以牡丹鄉東源社區為例
族群: 跨族群  
主題: 部落發展、學術研究、觀光旅遊  
作者 蔡重仁
學校系所 國立屏東大學休閒事業經營學系碩士班
地點 屏東縣 牡丹鄉    
研究內容

原住民觀光在台灣發展觀光過程有其重要性,推動原住民族地區的觀光發展,已成為國家重要觀光政策,許多原住民部落選擇以觀光產業做為推動地方經濟發展的政策方針。台灣最南端的山地原住民鄉-屏東縣牡丹鄉,擁有豐富的人文歷史與自然環境,嘗試以觀光做為產業發展的重點,牡丹鄉公所對其轄區內的東源社區,近年來積極協助當地社區發展觀光產業。
本文透過質性研究,以次級資料彙整、深度訪談和參與觀察等方式蒐集資料進行內容分析,來瞭解牡丹鄉觀光產業發展脈絡,再以東源社區進行個案研究,記敘其社區觀光發展的歷程,描述其建立社區觀光的組織架構與運作方式,分析觀光發展的現象與影響,並利用資源基礎理論探討社區所具備的資源與特性。
研究發現在牡丹鄉觀光發展的環境下,東源社區歷經了「政府開發時期」、「民間自主時期」及「社區發展時期」等3個觀光發展時期。在社區發展時期,經由在地社區參與、專業團隊輔導及政府單位協助下,建構了社區觀光發展的運作機制,在社區自主的前提下,成立社區窗口與公益回饋等制度,除了帶來觀光產業的經濟效益外,也增加了社區參與程度,提升民眾對在地文化的認同與自然環境的維護。而在發展過程中,東源社區逐步建構能力、有效運用資源,具備「濕地環境資源」、「野薑花地景」、「解說技術能力」、「隊長個人特質」、「東源品牌形象」、「社區組織文化」和「社區輔導團隊」等多項具有持續競爭優勢的資源,為東源社區觀光發展的成功條件。
研究結果可提供政府機關、社區組織與輔導團隊等相關單位,作為原住民社區觀光發展實務之參考。

Indigenous tourism plays an important role of the tourism in Taiwan. Mudan Township, the southernmost indigenous township in Taiwan, with rich nature and human history resources, has taken the tourism development as a priority. In recent years, the Mudan Township office chose and assisted the Dongyuan community to develop the local tourism.
In this study, we aim to analyze the tourism development of the Mudan Township by using the method of qualitative research, analyzed and collected the secondary data, conducted the depth interview and participant observation. To further the research, we used the Dongyuan community as an example, recorded its tourism development progress, described its tourism structure and operation, analyzed its results and influence. Furthermore, the resource-based theory was used to explore the resource, capability and attributes of the community.
We discovered that there are three tourism development periods in the Dongyuan community: “The development by government”, “The development by private sector” and “The development by community.
In the period of """"The development by community"""", with the assistance of the counseling team and government agencies, through local community participation, a business mechanism was constructed, the contact and community benefit system was successfully built in the Dongyuan community. This was not only created financial benefits, but also enhanced the recognition of local culture and the preservation of the natural environment.
Through this development process, the Dongyuan community was capable to use the resources gradually and effectively. For example,
*Natural resources such as wetland environment and landscape of wild ginger lily.
*The guiding skills/capabilities.
*The team captain with personal quality.
*The image and brand under the name of """"Dongyuan”.
*The community counseling team.
*The culture of the community organization.
By obtained these sustainable competitive advantages, the success of the Dongyuan community tourism development is granted.
The results of this study could be used as a reference for government agencies, community organizations, counseling team and relevant units.

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