背景：愛滋病全球肆虐，「預防勝於治療」是首要工作。目的：探討原民鄉青少年愛滋病防治教育介入成效。方法：本研究引用2011年某原民鄉之「愛滋病防治教育」活動資料進行次級資料分析，其原始研究設計為單組前後測設計，針對50位原住民國中生進行介入，活動進行2週，以評估愛滋病與防治相關知識及態度之介入成效。衛教活動前後採用問卷調查法收集資料，問卷包括人口學、愛滋病與防治相關知識及防治態度。有效問卷有45份，資料以描述性統計、McNemar test及Wilcoxon signed-rank test等統計方法進行資料處理。結果：愛滋病與防治相關知識方面，後測高出前測3.36（SD=0.67）分，且達統計上之顯著性改變（p ＜ .001）；愛滋病防治態度方面，後測（3.72 ± 0.36）優於前測（3.43 ± 0.34），且達統計上之顯著性改變（p ＜ .05），愛滋病防治教育介入活動使原住民青少年愛滋病與防治相關知識及正向態度增進。結論／實務應用：本研究結果可提供學校與衛生單位進行防治愛滋病宣導活動之依據，尤其是針對原民鄉青少年族群更顯重要。

Background: AIDS is a serious disease worldwide. Prevention has been shown to be more effective than treatment in the effort to control and end the threat of this disease. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of an HIV/AIDS prevention education program on adolescents living in a primarily indigenous area of Taiwan. Methods: This study used secondary data prepared by the Health Center of one indigenous township in 2011. Authors analyzed the dataset retrospectively. A 2‐week HIV/AIDS prevention education program was arranged for a single group of 50 students from one junior high school and a pretest and posttest were conducted. A total of 45 valid questionnaires were completed. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, the McNemar test, and the Wilcoxon signed‐rank test. Results: Results indicate that the education program improved the knowledge (p ＜ .001) and attitude (p ＜ .05) of participants significantly between pretest and posttest. The posttest score for knowledge (9.47 ± 3.24) was significantly higher than the pretest score (6.11 ± 3.84). The posttest score for positive attitude (3.72 ± 0.36) was also significantly higher than the pretest score (3.43 ± 0.34). Conclusions / Implications for Practice: This AIDS prevention education program significantly improved the related knowledge and attitudes of participants. Schools and health units may reference the results of this study to design materials for prevention of HIV/AIDS, particularly in the context of indigenous adolescents.