依類型 族群 主題   
 
 
2007.06.01 ~ 2008.06.01
八里坌的聚落與族群之變遷(1945年以前)
族群: 平埔族群  
主題: 歷史、地方誌  
作者 莊琇琦
學校系所 國立臺北教育大學社會科教育學系碩士班
地點 新北市 淡水區    
研究內容

[ 摘要 ]

淡水河南岸的八里舊稱「八里坌」、「八里分」,是臺灣北部平埔族中凱達格蘭族之一社-八里坌社(Parrigon)的音譯;在西荷時代的文獻上,淡水河南岸的八里坌便有平埔聚落的存在,在清代的古文書契上更有八里坌社的平埔族人與漢人從事土地交易的買賣記錄,八里坌自古因地理環境位居淡水河口,在交通及戰略位置上便佔有舉足輕重的地位,清政府在八里坌設置十八世紀北臺灣最大的地方官吏-巡檢署,使得八里坌成為十八世紀初清朝在台駐防的最北哨、臺北地區的軍事重鎮,在乾隆53年(西元1788年)更明訂八里坌為渡台三正口之一,漢移民的移入與生活安全上的無虞,使得八里坌在當時繁榮至極,聚落人口也隨之蓬勃發展,之後因風災、水災及大量泥沙堵塞港口,才使八里坌的地位逐漸為對岸滬尾所取代。



八里坌的聚落與族群,在歷史變遷中是八里地區發展的重要歷史足跡,從文獻古籍資料中所瞭解的八里坌社,不僅僅分佈在淡水河的南岸,事實上在更早的時候便因為某種因素而遷徙到淡水河的北岸,而清代時期的漢移民拓墾更是促使平埔社域快速消失,加速漢人聚落擴張的開始;筆者以文獻檔案及史料界定出八里坌的空間範圍,從西荷、清代,以致於日治時期的地籍圖、臺灣堡圖、戶籍簿及國勢人口調查…等,重建八里坌的聚落人口及族群發展;尤以庋存於八里鄉戶政事務所之日治時期戶籍舊簿-《本籍戶口調查簿》、《寄留戶口調查簿》及《本籍除戶簿》實際探究並重建日治時期八里坌聚落的分佈範圍、型態、祖籍、姓氏、職業結構、種族脈絡、血緣關係及八里坌社平埔族裔脈絡;以歷史資料的描述、分析及統計,加以地理資料的運用及整合,完整地探究與重建自西荷時期到日治時期八里坌的聚落與族群之變遷。





搜尋關鍵字詞:八里、八里坌、聚落、族群、變遷

[ 英文摘要 ]

Bali is in the south shore of Tamsui-River, once called "Parrigon". The Parrigon is one of the Ketagalan tribe classified as "Pingpu"(平埔) or "plains aborigines" in northern Taiwan. Since the Ching Government set up the garrison and the inspection department(巡檢署), Bali had become the most important defensive position of northern Taiwan in the early 18th century. Also, the "official port" was for the Han Chinese immigrating into Taiwan. As a result, the Han immigrants aggregated to settlements on this land. After, Bali’s prosperity was replaced gradually by Tamsui because of the flood, storm, and port deposition.



In history, the settlements and races were the most important elements in Bali’s development. At first, writer defined the Parrigon’s geographical distribution of space in Dutch era, Spain era, Ching dynasty, and Japanese Ruling Period with archives and documents. For rebuilding the changes of the settlements and races in Parrigon, then used more archives, ancient contracts, even the cadastral map(地籍圖),Taiwan Fort Map(臺灣堡圖) ,the data of censuses, and the data of the domiciliary register during the Japanese Ruling Period. Especially the domiciliary register data(本籍戶口調查簿), household abolished register data(除戶簿), and temporary residence register data (寄留簿) that being preserved in Bali Township Household Registration Office, Taipei County.



From this research, we know that the Parrigon not only existed in the south shore of Tamsui-River but also migrated to the north shore for some reason in earlier time. The development of the Han immigrants’ settlements speeded up the disappearance of the Parrigon’s domain. And the detailed statistics and analysis were completely to rebuild the settlements’ distribution, types, family names, blood relationships, affinities, occupations, and races in Bali. And the uniqueness and historical significance were on the changes of the settlements and races in Parrigon before A.D.1945.



Key words: Bali, Parrigon, settlements, races, changes.