*中心館藏網址:http://tulips.ntu.edu.tw/record=b2345163*cht

[ 摘要 ]
婦女骨盆底肌肉功能異常為一普遍但不易察覺之問題，雖不會造成嚴重的罹病和死亡，卻會因其所造成之症狀困擾而影響婦女之生活品質。本研究目的有二：一為瞭解社區篩檢婦女之骨盆底肌肉功能狀態，二為婦女對骨盆底肌肉運動之知識、態度與行為。採橫斷式調查研究法，以方便取樣方式，於2005年2月至5月，共選取157位，26到85歲之花蓮縣吉安鄉與秀林鄉社區篩檢婦女參與本研究。使用二種方式收集資料:一為結構式問卷，收集婦女骨盆底肌肉功能異常症狀及其對骨盆底肌肉運動知識、態度、行為；另一採骨盆底肌肉功能檢測，收集婦女之骨盆底肌肉功能狀態，包括骨盆底肌力及骨盆腔器官脫垂程度。以描述性與推論性統計進行研究資料分析。 研究結果發現： 一、社區篩檢婦女自覺有骨盆底肌肉功能異常症狀者佔有24.2%-82.2%，症狀屬輕度，52%之婦女骨盆底肌力偏弱， 27.4％-54.1％之婦女有骨盆腔器官脫垂情形。骨盆底肌力與脫垂呈顯著之負相關（r=-.253; p＜.01），骨盆底肌肉功能異常症狀與骨盆底肌力達統計顯著之負相關（r=-.230; p＜.01），骨盆底肌異常症狀與脫垂呈顯著正相關（r= .224; p＜.01）。 二、社區篩檢婦女之骨盆底肌肉運動知識得分平均為5.60±3.27（0-14），態度之平均得分為2.90±0.55（1-4），較偏正向之態度，於日常生活中僅29.9%婦女會執行骨盆底肌肉運動，有70.1%之婦女未執行，而不會做是主要原因。年齡54歲以下、教育程度小學以上、與有骨盆底肌肉運動經驗者，知識較高；年齡54歲以下與有骨盆底肌肉運動經驗者，態度愈正向；而有骨盆底運動經驗者，其行為較高。骨盆底肌肉運動知識、態度、行為彼此間呈顯著正向之相關性；骨盆底肌力與態度、行為呈顯著正相關。 本研究結果可提供護理人員瞭解婦女之骨盆底肌肉功能及其對骨盆底肌肉運動知識、態度、行為之現況，以作為健康從業人員推動婦女骨盆底肌肉功能異常防治工作之重要依據，；以及未來相關衛生教育介入措施或研究之參考，以提升婦女之健康促進。

[ 英文摘要 ]
Pelvic floor muscle（PFM） dysfunction is a general health problem, and will not result in severe morbidity or mortality; rather, they affect the quality of a women’s life. The purpose of this study was to explore the PFM function in women attend the community screening and their knowledge, attitude, and behavior toward PFM exercise. A cross sectional survey research design and convenient sampling was used. From February to May 2005, One hundred and fifty-seven women who aged between 26 to 85 attended community screening held by Jian and Xiulin Village Health Center in Hualian County were recruit. Two methods were used for data collection: one was structured questionnaires; to collect women’s PFM dysfunction symptoms and their knowledge, attitude, behavior towards PFM exercise. The other one was PFM screening test; to collect women’s PFM function which include PFM strength and pelvic organ prolapse（POP）. Data were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics. The results show that： 1、24.2%-82.2% women self reported PFM dysfunction symptoms,52% were PFM weakness, 27.4％-54.1％ were found to have some degree of POP. The were negative correlation between PFM strength and POP（r=-.253; p＜.01）; PFM dysfunction symptoms and PFM strength （r=-.230; p＜.01），a positive correlation between PFM dysfunction symptoms and POP（r= .224; p＜.01）. 2、 The mean score of PFM exercise knowledge was 60±3.27（0-14），2.90±0.55（1-4） for attitude，only 29.9% women did PFM exercise in their daily life，70.1% did not, the main reason were they did not know how to perform. Women aged below 54, education level above elementary, and have PFM exercise experience have more knowledge；Women aged below 54 and have PFM exercise experience have more positive attitude；Women who have PFM exercise experience have more behavior. There were positive relationship between PFM exercise knowledge, attitude, and behavior；and between PFM strength, attitude, and behavior. The results of this study will help nurses to understand women’s PFM function and PFM exercise’s knowledge, attitude, and behavior. Health care professionals may apply these findings to develop prevention and intervention program and to promoting women’s health.