[ 摘要 ]

現行鄉鎮市調解制度，係由地方法院、鄉鎮市公所及鄉鎮市調解委員會所構成之一個完整調解法制體系，是杜息爭端、避免訟累、敦睦鄉里、導致社會祥和的優良制度。本文以現行鄉鎮市調解條例在原住民地區（南澳鄉）施行間，針對調解委員會組織成員及運作等等事項，探究無法在原鄉發揮功能之潛在原因。

宜蘭縣南澳鄉屬原住民泰雅族群，昔日傳統gaga是泰雅原住民社會最高的道德規範，是泰雅人日常生活，風習俗慣的誡律，藉以約束族人脫序行為，避免危害社會安寧。原住民族群長期歷經外來殖民同化、迨至國民政府來台後，為順應現今社會控制的典章律法，傳統調解機制已然式微，由現行鄉鎮市調解制度取而代之。至今情節輕微事件（部分民事及告訴乃論之刑事事件）亦仍有循舊俗方式調解之案例，依稀得窺其仍保留傳統文化特性之一斑。

現行鄉鎮市調解制度雖已在原住民地區逐漸落實，而原住民地區社會文化習俗迥異、民眾法律常識不足、價值觀念不同及城鄉差距等等因素導致調解成效欠佳；本研究以現行鄉鎮市調解制度之組織與運作，在原住民地區（宜蘭縣南澳鄉）調解實務，範圍為第十八屆調解委員會成員及民國九十三至九十四年間之案例運作，進行探討分析，將所發現之結果臚列陳述並提出建議，以供將來上級機關修法或制定適用於原住民地區之鄉鎮市調解制度時的參考，突破現行調解功能不彰之困境。

[ 英文摘要 ]

The current local arbitration system is composed of the district court, the township office, and the township arbitration committee, and is a comprehensive arbitrative legal system. It is a well-designed system with an aim to pacify disputes, and to help bringing harmony to the community. This study intends to find out the potential reasons why the system, under the operation by its committee members, does not function well in indigenous areas.

The indigenous tribe which resides in Nan-ao Township, Yilan County is Atayal. In ancient Atayal society , “ Gag” was the supreme decree governing their social activities. Atayal people abode by “Gaga” to maintain a peaceful social order, and to refrain people from misconducts. Since indigeous tribes in Tayiwan have been assimilated by the colonial domination, and then Government of Republic of China established a substituting legal system, Atayal “Gaga” system had vanished. The current local arbitration system has emerged to assume the arbitrating function. However, some civil and criminal cases expected of slight effects are still found to be treated by the traditional “Gaga” system, showing that it still affects Atayal community to some degree.

Although the current local arbitration system has been gradually accepted by indigenous society, the differences of traditions and customs, the inadequacy of legal education, the different value criteria, and the gap between urban and rural lives have all attributed to the unsatisfactory implementation of the local arbitration system. This study focuses on the analysis of the cases dealt by the 18th session of Nan-ao Township Arbitration Committee and during the years from 2004 to 2005. The author then lists all the findings and proposed solutions as references for the higher authorities revising the related laws suitable for indigenous areas, in order to break the impasse of the current local arbitration system.