[ 摘要 ]

風土建築是人類因應環境與環境互動之產物，台灣的生態環境錯綜複雜，在面積不大的島上分布著十數族原住民族群，也各自產生了不同型式的傳統住屋，其中以板岩為主的石板屋，在全世界的風土建築中既屬特殊，又有跨越族群的現象，探討其原因與台灣的地質構造有決定性的因果關係。

本文就台灣的生態環境、風土條件、原住民族群發展脈絡以及文獻上有關風土建築的資料，以深入山林實地調查的方式，從台灣島的生成、板塊運動的影響及地質構造的分布，探討石板屋聚落之擇地、選址與地質環境之關係，從而歸納各聚落石板屋構造與地形、地貌及其他風土條件適應之證據。

本研究以北排灣族群為主，過程中眼見山林崩毀、聚落荒蕪，有感於台灣生態環境脆弱、氣候變遷日遽、原住民傳統建築保存不易等現象，在研究成果中歸結出物理性及社會性的結論，一方面從石板屋與地質環境關係，印証人與自然互動之必然性，一方面從人為的角度，反思珍貴的石板屋文化資產帶給人類的啟示，及未來因應之道，提供各級政府、學術及文化行政單位參考。

[ 英文摘要 ]

The folk architectures are as consequences of the conformity and interaction of mankind to their environments. More than ten aboriginal tribes distributed in Taiwan island, which is not vast but is intricate in ecological environment, have produced their special styles of traditional housing.Among them, the slabstone house, built mainly by rock slate, was very unique among the worldwide folk building and showed the appearance of crossing over the ethnicities. The geological structure of Taiwan island has a decisive causal relationship with this phenomenon.



On the bases of ecological environment, natural and social condition, traces of population development, and previous document of folk architecture, the site selecting of the slabstone villages and their relationships to geological environments were surveyed in this thesis by way of deepenning field investigation from the view of formation of Taiwan island, influence of plate movement and distribution of geological structure. Then, the evidences concerning the adaptation of structure of slabstone housing in each village to the topography and natural conditions and social customs were conducted.



This study focused mainly at north-Paiwan tribe. Collapsed mountain and forest and desert villages were generally seen during this field investigation. It is thought that the aboriginal''s traditional building is quite difficult to conserve owing to the fragile ecological environment of Taiwan and the getting dramatic changes of climates. Both aspects of physics and social conclusions were conducted from the research to offer the governments at all levels, academy and cultural administrative unit. On one hand, the interdynamics certainty of human with nature was confirmed from the correlation study of slabstone housing with geological environment. On the other hand, from the artificial standpoint, what should bring to the people from the precious culture assets of slabstone house and the way to face the future were reconsidered.