依類型 族群 主題   
 
 
2003.06.01 ~ 2005.06.01
花蓮地區原住民族與漢族正常年輕女性的音域圖比較(Comparison of the Voice Range Profiles of the Aboriginal and Non-aboriginal Young Women in Hualien Area)
族群: 跨族群  
主題: 音樂  
作者 張乃悅(Nai-Yueh Chang )
學校系所 慈濟大學原住民健康研究所
地點 全臺 全部  
研究內容

[ 摘要 ]
許多研究已證實藉由嗓音訓練是可以擴展最大發聲生理音域。成長於不同文化背景、使用不同語言的人,也可能因為生活中嗓音訓練機會不同,而有不一樣的嗓音表現。由文獻中對於原住民文化的描述可知,由於文化特性,原住民在日常生活中的嗓音歌唱訓練機會應該會多於漢人。因此,原住民的嗓音表現可能會較漢人好。為了驗證上述假設,本研究以四十名在花蓮縣長大的原住民族及漢族年輕女性各二十名為研究對象。本研究以問卷了解全部受試者在生活中的用聲情形之外,並以數位嗓音分析設備(Computerized Speech Lab,Model 4300B),搭配「音域圖軟體」(Voice Range Profile program,Model 4326),測量其最大發聲生理音域,並繪製音域圖。 研究結果顯示,原住民受試者在生活中運用嗓音歌唱的機會明顯多於漢族受試者。原住民與漢族受試者在音域圖的嗓音數值,除了最低音頻值無顯著差異外,在最大動態音頻範圍、最高音頻、最大動態音強範圍、平均動態音強範圍、以及最大音強值,原住民受試者都顯著大於漢族。在最小音強數值上,原住民受試者顯著小於漢族。此結果表示,原住民年輕女性的最大發聲生理音域,明顯大於漢族年輕女性。此結果證實原住民的嗓音表現優於漢人,也為「原住民就是會唱歌」的預期,提供支持的證據。 因此,臨床診斷原住民女性個案的嗓音功能時,應用原住民女性的嗓音數據做參考,才不會有因低估異常狀況而錯失早期診斷的可能。所以,在未來的研究應繼續比較原住民與漢族男性的嗓音數值,甚至應更進一步建立原住民的嗓音功能常模,以便在臨床上有更精確的參考標準。
[ 英文摘要 ]
Abstract Research has indicated that vocal training can significantly expand one’s maximum range of physiological phonation. In Taiwan, aborigines have a culture that is more of vocal and singing in nature than Hans have. Furthermore, most people believed that aborigines are good in singing. Therefore, aboriginal vocal performance may be better than Hans. The purposes of this study are to measure the maximum vocal performance of aborigines as the reference data for diagnosis of aboriginal vocal function, and to compare the differences of vocal performance between aborigines and Hans. The subjects of the study were 20 aboriginal young women and 20 Han’s young women who grown up in Hualien. All subjects were asked to fill a questionnaire to see their singing load in daily live. The digital voice analysis equipment, Computerized Speech Lab with Voice Range Profile program, was used to measure the maximum range of physiological phonation through voice range profile. The results revealed that aborigines have significantly more singing opportunities in daily live than Han people. The data of vocal range profile showed that besides the lowest frequency, aborigines had significantly larger maximum dynamic frequency range, highest frequency, maximum dynamic intensity range, averaged dynamic intensity range, and loud voice than Han people. The soft voice of aborigines was significantly smaller than Han people. These results identified that aborigines had better vocal performance than Han people. These results also provide supportive empirical evidence to the stereotype that aborigines are good in singing. Therefore, aboriginal vocal function data in the study must be used as a reference in clinical diagnosis of aboriginal women’s vocal function. Otherwise, the vocal function of those people might be underestimated and missed the chance of early diagnosis. Along this line, research is needed to continue collecting and analyzing the vocal data from aboriginal and Han males. Furthermore, establishing the norm of vocal function for aborigines should be considered in order to make a sounder clinical diagnosis. Keywords: voice range profiles, vocal performance, singing, aborigines, Han people, Taiwan