自國民政府播遷，中央機關移駐台北後，台灣原住民族的被統治地位依舊存續，但在1980年代興起的原住民族正名及權利運動相繼，加上憲法增修條文納入原住民族文化及權益保護等文字後，我國開始一波又一波反思與改革的思潮。惟2005年原住民族基本法通過至今，政府對於原住民族權利推動遲遲未見起色，嗣2016年起，政府為使部落健全自主發展，立法院三讀通過將部落經中央主管機關核定者，定性為具有公法人性格之組織，以保障並實踐由原住民族整體利益為出發點之集體權利。
部落公法人作為原住民族自治的一項里程碑，將扮演著自治區法落實前的重要角色，作為具有公法人特性之部落，與非法人團體的部落相異，更有許多公法上意義，而土地問題使得原住民族自治議題始終難以撥雲見日，雖有討論之必要，但並非本文著重之點。
本文以部落公法人組織設置辦法草案為主，輔以行政法上關於公法人之概念，以及既有地方自治團體之理論與實踐，連結到我國現有自治區之概念，綜合探討部落公法人之組織、權利義務關係，以及其作為公法人所應具有之權利與限制，最後探討國家監督對於自治公法人所產生之作用以及方式。

Since the National Government’s relocation and the central government’s relocation to Taipei, Taiwan’s Indigenous people’s dominance has continued. However, after the aboriginal name rectification and rights movement that arose in the 1980s, and the Addition Articles of Constitutional Amendments to the aboriginal culture and rights protection and other texts, my country began a wave of thoughts and reforms. However, since the Basic Law of Indigenous Peoples was passed in 2005, the government has not seen any improvement in the promotion of the rights of indigenous peoples. Since 2016, in order to enable the tribe to develop soundly and independently, the Legislative Yuan passed the third reading of the tribe by the central competent authority. It is an organization with the character of a public juristic person, and the collective rights are based on the protection and practice of the overall interests of the indigenous peoples.
As a milestone in the autonomy of indigenous peoples, the tribal public juristic person will play an important role before the implementation of the autonomous region law. As a tribe with the characteristics of a public juristic person, it is different from the tribe of an unincorporated group, and has a lot of public law significance. The topic of indigenous people autonomy has always been difficult to see. Although it is necessary to discuss it, it is not the focus of this article.
This article is mainly based on the draft method for the establishment of tribal public juristic person, supplemented by the concept of public juristic person in administrative law, as well as the theories and practices of existing local autonomous organizations, linking to the concept of existing autonomous regions in my country, and comprehensively discussing the organization and rights and obligations of tribal public juristic person, As well as the rights and restrictions it should have as a public juristic person, and finally discuss the role and method of state supervision for autonomous public juristic person.